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The Canon PowerShot S45 isn't a direct replacement for the PowerShot S40, but a model that offers some additions to the S40, namely with a more advanced autofocus, a new image processor, and the addition of scene recognition technology to improve focus and exposure accuracy. In design though, the S45 remains identical to the S40, with a retracting 3X zoom lens that is protected by a sliding cover.
directly in front of the shutter release. The zoom control is small, but moves easily. Beyond simply controlling the focal length, the zoom control also offers additional functions in Playback:

Wide Angle (equivalent to a 35mm). Zoom out of a photo in Playback, and call up the thumbnail display.
Telephoto (equivalent to a 105mm). Zoom into a photo in Playback.

Another control, the Multi-controller, sits astride the back edge of the camera — making it a bit easy to confuse with a zoom control — but serves for menu navigation and selection confirmation. In addition, it is also used to access the focus point selection [].
The S45's Multi-controller is the same as is used with the S30/S40, and exhibits the same problem as was noticed with those models. It is designed to be rocked up and down and from side to side while navigating the menus, and pressed in at the centre to make selections. Regrettably, the control has less precision than the task assigned to it requires; and the user must be careful when pressing it in as it can easily register a side motion, or an up/down one instead.
The Mode Dial is embedded in the top, but easily turned from the back of the S45. It provides 13 positions: 
Full Auto   Portrait Mode
Program Mode   Landscape Mode
Shutter Priority Mode   Night Scene Mode
Aperture Priority Mode   Fast Shutter Mode
Manual Mode   Slow Shutter Mode
Stitch Assist Mode   Movie Mode
The thirteenth setting is the C mode, a custom mode that alolows memorizing shooting preferences.

On the opposite side of the Multi-controller, the S45 has two buttons which, like most others, have recording and playback functions. The button on the left is for:

Flash Modes: Auto, Red-eye Reduction Auto, Forced On with Red-eye Reduction, Forced On, and Forced Off.
while in Playback, the button is used as a fast access to the thumbnails display (9 per screen).
The button closest to the optical viewfinder is used for:

Macro mode: from 10cm (3.9 in.) in wide angle and 30cm (11.8 in.) at the maximum telephoto to infinity.
while in Playback, this button is to jump groups of 9 thumbnails at a time, or, if a single image is displayed on the screen, 10 images at a time.
Three more buttons are aligned along the left side of the 1.8 inch LCD screen:
The Function button calls up a special menu that is overlaid on the left side of the screen. The Function menu provides 9 photo-specific settings (see the Characteristics section of the review).

The MF button engages the manual focus in the Record modes, and is used to Delete images in Playback.

The Metering button provides access to the metering system: Evaluative, Centre-weighted and Spot. In Playback, it is used to record a voice annotation.
To the right of the viewfinder, the S45 provides a switch [] to start the Playback mode. Playback can be started either with the lens cover closed and the camera Off, or while the camera is in Recording mode.

Finally, on the right side of the screen, MENU offers access to the other menus of the S45; and DISPLAY controls the LCD screen (On/Off) and its information overlays.
In the Recording mode, the Display button cycles between a display with only the focus point indicator; a display with the focus point indicator and settings information; and the LCD screen Off.

In Playback, the button cycles between a display with only the photo showing; one with the photo plus an overlay showing basic information; and one that presents the photo as a thumbnail flashing potentially overexposed areas, and which shows all the shooting data, plus a histogram.
 
As explained above, in terms of ergonomics, the physical layout of the S45 is basically unchanged from that of the S40/S30, but has the addition of the more complete Function menu.




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